Information about the eagle bird, its characteristics and ways of living
Eagle :
It is one of the birds of prey that is widespread
on the continents of the world, with the exception of Antarctica and Oceania.
Eagles are characterized by keen eyesight and the ability to fly at high
altitudes.
They are among the animals that feed mainly on
carrion.
Which makes it of great importance to
the environment
What
are 5 facts about eagles?
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Types of eagle:
There are two types of eagles:
Old World Eagles :
Which belongs to the Accipitridae family, which
also includes the eagle, buzzard, goshawk, and New World vultures belonging to
the Cathartidae family.
New World Eagles:
New World
vultures are distinguished by several characteristics, including that they do
not build a nest, but rather lay their eggs in cracks in high rocks, or in tree
cavities, and they are also bare-headed from feathers.
This is so that the blood does not stick to the
feathers when the eagle places its head inside the carcass.
This is because the presence of feathers
encourages the growth of bacteria, while the bare head is exposed to sunlight,
which eliminates bacteria and protects the eagle from diseases، Also, New World vultures do not have a throat, so; It
can only produce hissing and humming.
Among the most famous types of New World vultures:
What do eagles eat?
Roman eagle:
Scientifically known as Cathartes aura, it is
one of the most widespread New World vultures.
Rome vultures are considered small in size, and
their wingspan (the distance between the wings) reaches approximately two
metres, and the color of their feathers is brownish-black, and the color of the
head of the turkey vulture chick is dark gray, turning red in adulthood.
The smell of the turkey vulture is very
developed, so it is the first to find carrion.
Black Eagle :
Scientifically known as Coragyps atratus, it is
the most widespread type of eagle, and is sometimes called the carrion crow.
The black eagle lives in tropical and subtropical
regions.
But it often reaches temperate regions while
roaming.
It is a black bird with a stocky body, its body
length reaches (60) centimeters, and it has two short wings, a very short tail,
and a bare head of feathers.
But the back of the neck is covered with
feathers.
What
is a short note about eagles?
King Eagle :
Scientifically known as Sarcoramphus papa, it
lives in the lowland tropical forests extending from southern Mexico to
Argentina.
It is multi-colored.
Its head and neck appear red, yellow, bluish, and
gray, while the eyes are white with red rings, its upper feathers are orange,
and the lower part is white.
The wingspan of the king eagle reaches two meters,
and the body length is about 80 centimetres.
What is special about eagle?
Andean condor :
Scientifically known as the Vultur gryphus, it
and the California condor are considered among the largest birds that can fly.
The wingspan of the male Andean condor can reach
(3.2) meters, and the weight of the male reaches (15) kilograms, while the
weight of the female reaches (11) kilograms. The male's body color is black and
his wing feathers are grayish-white.
The color of the head, neck, and gizzard is red
or pink, and the neck is surrounded by white feathers.
California condor :
Scientifically known as Gymnogyps californianus,
its body length from beak to tail usually reaches 2.9 metres.
Both male
and female California condors weigh up to 11 kilograms.
The adult
condor is black, its wings are surrounded by lines of white feathers, and the
color of the head, neck, and gizzard is between red and orange. Old World
vultures differ from New World vultures in that they have a throat and can make
different sounds such as grunting, croaking, and shouting.
They also build nests of sticks on trees or rocks, and have wide wings and strong feet and beaks.
Eagle
bird
Falcon
Among the most famous vultures of the ancient world:
Gray eagle :
It is sometimes called the black eagle, and is
scientifically known as Aegypius monachus.
It lives in southern Europe, Asia Minor, the
central steppes, and the highest mountains in Asia.
It is one of the largest birds that can fly, and
some scientists consider it the largest eagle and the largest bird of prey
ever. The gray eagle's body is approximately one meter long and weighs (12.5)
kilograms.
It has two wide wings whose distance reaches
approximately (2.7) meters.
It is black in color and has a short,
wedge-shaped tail.
Egyptian eagle or Pharaoh's chicken :
Scientifically known as Neophron percnopterus, it
is spread from North and East Africa to Southern Europe, and from the Middle
East to Afghanistan and India.
It is a small eagle whose body length reaches
(60) centimeters. Its feathers are white with a little black feathers on the
wing, and its face is bare of feathers, but there are gradually long feathers
on the head.
Hawk
American
eagle
Eagle
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Griffon vulture :
Scientifically known as Gyps fulvus, it is widespread in southern Russia, the Balkans, northwest Africa, and the Spanish highlands. Its plumage is red above and reddish-brown with some white stripes below.
It has several types, including:
Indian white-backed vulture :
It is
scientifically known as G.bengalensis.
The Indian vulture or long-billed vulture (in English: Long-billed vulture) is scientifically known as G.indicus.
Cylindrical-billed eagle
Scientifically known as G.tenuirostris, it is one
of the vultures whose numbers have decreased significantly.
This is due to medications given to livestock to relieve pain, but when these animals die and the vultures eat their carcasses, they cause kidney failure.
The eared eagle or the Nubian eagle :
Scientifically
known as Torgos tracheliotus, it lives in Africa, and its wingspan reaches
(2.7) meters, while its body length reaches one meter.
It is a strong eagle that controls other eagles
during feeding.
Its feathers from above are black and brown,
while the abdominal area is white.
It has a wedge-shaped tail.
Its face is pink or red in color, and skin with
many folds extends from both sides of its head, which is bare of feathers. Palm
nut eagle :
Scientifically known as Gypohierax angolensis, it
lives in West and Central Africa. Its body length reaches approximately 50
centimetres, and it has an orange face, bare of feathers, and a yellow
beak.What is surprising is that it is vegetarian in nutrition.
However, he sometimes eats some dead crustaceans and fish.
Red-headed eagle :
Scientifically known as Sarcogyps calvus, it
lives from Pakistan to Malaysia.
Its body length is approximately 75 centimeters,
and its wingspan reaches 2.7 metres.
Its feathers are black, and at the chest the feathers are white, it has a huge black beak, and its skin extending from both sides of the neck has multiple
folds.
White-headed eagle :
Scientifically known as Trigonoceps occipitalis,
it is distinguished by its pale yellow face, triangular shape, and red beak.
Its feathers are black, except for the tips of the wings and abdomen, where the
feathers are white.
Its body length reaches (80) centimeters, and its wingspan reaches (1.8) meters.
Adaptation of vultures :
To eat carrion, eagles feed on carrion and
rotting flesh, which may cause many diseases for other animals and birds.
They also often begin to eat carrion from the
anus area, which gives them a natural outlet into the carrion.
They also wait until the carrion’s skin becomes
porous.
Which means that the decomposition and rotting of the carrion has reached its extent, and this means that the average eagle’s food is rich in bacteria,
toxic substances, and feces.
What protects it from disease:
Michael
Rogenback, a researcher in microbiology at the University of Copenhagen, says
that vultures are distinguished by their ability to adapt to the types of toxic
bacteria that digest them.
Their acidic digestive tracts are chemically
qualified to deal with bacteria and filter them.
On the one hand, the digestive system of vultures
is able to destroy most of the types of deadly bacteria that it digests.
On the other hand, we find that its digestive
system has the strength and ability to coexist with types of bacteria that are
considered fatal to many organisms، These bacteria, in turn, were able to
withstand the harsh conditions of the eagle’s digestive tract.
Not only that, but they also contribute to the
analysis of nutrients within the digestive tract.
What is surprising is that when the bacteria
found in the feces of some eagles that live in the Copenhagen Zoo were
analyzed, which Its diet is similar to the diet of other birds of prey in the
park؛ It was found that its feces contained
bacteria similar to those found in the feces of free vultures that feed on
carrion, while it was different from the feces of birds that share the same
diet in the garden.
Which raises the idea that the nature of the
eagle’s digestive system may have a greater impact on the intestinal contents
of bacteria than the effect of the eagle’s diet. Previous results indicate that
the relationship between germs and the digestive process in vultures is more
complex than previously thought.
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